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THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT
UPDATE

By: Lawrence P. Postol, Esquire
© 1997 Lawrence P. Postol
"A cited update on the ADA Act, including; Disability, medical examinations, job criteria, reasonable accomodations and undue hardship. How well do you know the ADA?"
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THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT
UPDATE
  Table of contents:
A. Many Conditions Are Not A Disability, Even If They Prevent The Worker From Returning To His Former Job
B. If An Employer Does Not Know Of The Disability, Then There Can Be No Discrimination Claim
C. Employee Must Show Evidence From Which One Can Infer the Disability Was A Factor in the Adverse Employment Decision
D. If The Worker Cannot Perform The Essential Functions Of The Job, Even With Reasonable Accommodations, Then He Is Not a Qualified Person And Cannot Maintain An ADA Lawsuit
E. An Employee May Be Estopped From Arguing He Can Perform a Job: Estoppel Based On Insurance Form Representation Or Tort Verdict
F. Certain Accommodations Are Beyond Reasonable
G. Direct Threat - Employee With Accommodations Must Be Able To Safely Perform The Job
H. Benefits - If Single Out Condition For No Coverage, Then ADA Violation

ADA UPDATE

A. Many Conditions Are Not A Disability, Even If They Prevent The Worker From Returning To His Former Job : Return to Top : Exit Article
 
1. Chronic Insomnia for Psychiatric Nurse Who Had A Shift Job. Not Generally Precluded From Nursing Jobs.
  Brown v. Johns Hopkins Hospital, 51 F.3d 265 (4th Cir. 1995)
   
2. Shoulder And Feet Injuries Prevented Return To Regular Job, But Not A Wide Range Of Jobs.
  Bolton v. Scrivner, 36 F.3d 939 (10th Cir. 1994)
   
3. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Which Disqualifies A Worker From Her Job, But Not All Manual Labor, Is Not A Disability.
  McKay v. Toyota Motor Manufacturing, 878 F. Supp. 1012 (E.D. Ken. 1995)
   
4. See generally EEOC Compliance Manual, Volume 2, EEOC Order 915.002 (March 14, 1995)
   
B. If An Employer Does Not Know Of The Disability, Then There Can Be No Discrimination Claim : Return to Top : Exit Article
 
1. Employers Fired Employees For Absenteeism And Tardiness, And The Employees Never Informed The Employer Of Their Conditions - Manic-Depression, Arthritis, Amyloidosis.
  Miller v. National Casualty Co., 61 F.3d 627 (8th Cir. 1995) (manic depression);
  Hamm v. Runyon, 51 F.3d 721 (7th Cir. 1995) (arthritis);
  Hedberg v. Indiana Bell Tel. Co., 47 F.3d 928 (7th Cir. 1995) (amyloidosis)
   
C. Employee Must Show Evidence From Which One Can Infer the Disability Was A Factor in the Adverse Employment Decision : Return to Top : Exit Article
 
1. No Evidence That Epilepsy Condition Was A Factor In Laying Off The Employee.
  Newman v. GHS Osteopathic, Inc. Parkview Hospital Division, 60 F.3d 153 (3rd Cir. 1995)
   
2. General Memorandum Stating Desire To Save Insurance Costs Does Not Show That A Poor Performing Employee Was Fired Due To Healthy HIV-Positive Child.
  Ennis v. National Association of Business and Education Radio, 53 F.3d 55 (4th Cir. 1995)
   
3. If The Person Who Fired A Disabled Employee Is The Same Person Who Hired The Employee, And He Knew Of His Disability When He Hired Him, Then There Is A Strong Inference That There Was No Discriminatory Motive.
  Tyndall v. National Educ. Centers, 31 F.3d 209, 215 (4th Cir. 1994)
   
D. If The Worker Cannot Perform The Essential Functions Of The Job, Even With Reasonable Accommodations, Then He Is Not a Qualified Person And Cannot Maintain An ADA Lawsuit : Return to Top : Exit Article
 
1. Cannot Keep Up With Fast Pace Of Grocery Warehouse (Due To On-The-Job Injuries) - Taking And Filling Orders.
  Milton v. Scrivner. Inc., 36 F.3d 939 (10th Cir. 1995)
   
2. An Employer Can Fire An Alcoholic For Off-The-Job Drunk Driving Arrest (Football Coach-Bad Publicity).
  Maddox v. University of Tennessee, 62 F.3d 843 (6th Cir. 1995)
   
3. If Worker Fails To Monitor His Condition (Diabetic), And It Interferes With His Job (Police Officer), Then The Employer Can Fire The Employee.
  Siefken v. The Village Of Arlington Heights, 4 A.D. Cases 1441 (7th Cir. 1995)
   
E. An Employee May Be Estopped From Arguing He Can Perform a Job: Estoppel Based On Insurance Form Representation Or Tort Verdict : Return to Top : Exit Article
 
1. Obtained Tort Jury Verdict Claiming Permanently Disabled From Work.
  McNeill v. Atchison Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Co., 878 F. Supp. 986 (S.D. Tex. 1995)
   
2. Summary Judgment Granted Based On Insurance Forms Representations.
  Reigel v. Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of North Carolina, 859 F. Supp. 963, 969-970 (E.D.N.C. 1994)
   
3. Used Insurance Forms To Find The Fact On Summary Judgment That The Worker Could Not Perform The Job Duties, But Not A Formal Estoppel Argument.
  August v. Offices Unlimited. Inc., 981 F.2d 576, 581 (lst Cir. 1992)
   
4. EEOC Opposes This Approach.
   
F. Certain Accommodations Are Beyond Reasonable : Return to Top : Exit Article
 
1. An Employer Does Not Have To Combine Two Part-Time Jobs To Create A Job For A Disabled Person.
  Fedro v. Reno, 21 F.3d 1391 (7th Cir. 1994)
   
2. No Priority In Vacant Position. Merely Follow Normal Rules.
  Daugherty v. City of El Paso, 56 F.3d 695 (Sth Cir. 1995)
  Sharpe v. ATT, ___ F.3d ___ (9th Cir. 1995)
   
3. Need Not Give An Indefinite Leave Of Absence. No Preference For Reassignment; Just Follow Usual Procedures.
  Myers v. Hose, 50 F.3d 278 (4th Cir. 1995)
   
4. Need Not Accommodate Unpredictable And Frequent Absences.
  Jackson v. Veterans Administration, 22 F.3d 277 (11th Cir. 1994);
  Tyndall v. National Education Centers, 31 F.3d 209 (4th Cir. 1994);
  Leatherwood v. Houston Post, 59 F.3d 533 (Sth Cir. 1995)
   
G. Direct Threat - Employee With Accommodations Must Be Able To Safely Perform The Job : Return to Top : Exit Article
 
1. As A Matter Of Law, A Diabetic Is An Unreasonable Risk As A Bus Driver
  Daugherty v. City of E1 Paso, 1995 WL 360325 (5th Cir. 1995)
   
2. An HIV-Positive Surgical Technician/Surgeon Cannot Safely Perform His Job.
  Bradley v. University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 3 F.3d 922 (Sth Cir. 1993);
  Doe v. University of Maryland Medical System Corp., 50 F.3d 1261 (4th Cir. 1995)
   
3. An HIV-Positive Person Inmate Can Be Barred From Food Service Job.
  Gates v. Rowland, 39 F.3d 1439 (9th Cir. 1994)
   
H. Benefits - If Single Out Condition For No Coverage, Then ADA Violation : Return to Top : Exit Article
 
1. If High Dose Chemotherapy With Bone Marrow Transplant Is Not Experimental, Then Can Not Cover It For Some Cancers, But Not Breast Cancer. If Experimental For Some Cancers, Then Not The Same Condition And Can Discriminate.
  Henderson v . Bodine Aluminum, Inc., ___ F.3d ___, 1995 WL 566954 (8th Cir. 1995)
   
2. A Disability Retirement Plan Need Not Be Offered, And If Offered, It Can Differ From Normal Retirement Plan.
   

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Last updated on Monday Nov 01, 1999 at 10:55 PM Relax!